Regarding the Vietnamese mountain provinces, the most developed in the country are those where foreign tourists come to "discover" ethnic populations (like animals in a zoo at times). The reason is political; water infrastructure was first extended to these areas, unfortunately, to produce "comfort and commodity" in order to receive foreigners tourists.
However, there are a few NGOs and associations from abroad who invest in local groups in farthest provinces in the jungle of the mountains, in order to build toilets, fountains, cisterns, and engine powered wells which can reach very deep into the ground. They often also sometimes built medical facilities
This help and money must be a sustained effort or the population will continue to live in precariously. After enough development however, they will be able to develop their own business by selling their home cooked food, extending their livestock spaces, and most importantly, living in a good sanitary and hygenic environment.
